What a C2PA manifest contains
C2PA (the Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity) defines a way to embed a cryptographically signed record in a file. C2PA explained goes deeper; in practice a manifest usually holds:
- The claim generator — the app or service that signed it, such as Photoshop, Firefly, ChatGPT or a camera.
- A list of actions: created, opened, edited, cropped, and markers for generative AI steps.
- Ingredients — earlier versions or source images the file was built from.
- A digital source type stating whether the content was captured, composited or generated by AI.
- A signature and certificate tying the record to the exact image data.
Where C2PA lives in each file type
In JPEG the manifest store sits in APP11 segments as JUMBF boxes; in PNG it is a caBX chunk; in HEIC and AVIF it is a uuid box; in WebP a dedicated RIFF chunk. AI Label Remover finds each of these, shows the claims inside, and removes the full store while copying the image data unchanged.
Because the signature binds the manifest to the exact bytes, any re-save by another app usually breaks or drops it anyway. Removing it cleanly avoids leaving a broken, half-valid record behind.
Reasons to keep it, reasons to remove it
Content Credentials can be valuable: they help news organisations and creators prove where an image came from. If that is your goal, keep them — and keep the original file either way, because removed metadata cannot be restored.
Removing them makes sense when the record reveals more than you want (names, edit history, source images), or when an editor attached an AI marker to a genuine photo after a minor fix. You can also turn off Content Credentials in Photoshop and Lightroom so they are not written in the first place.
What is removed and what stays
JPEG / JPGMarker segments
Washed out
- APP1 (EXIF
- XMP)
- APP11 (C2PA/JUMBF)
- APP13 (IPTC)
- COM
- MPF
- JFIF/JFXX thumbnail
Left in place
- SOF
- DQT/DHT
- SOS → EOI
- APP0
- APP2 ICC
- APP14
- Orientation
PNGChunks
Washed out
- tEXt
- zTXt
- iTXt (prompt
- workflow
- XMP)
- eXIf
- caBX (C2PA)
- tIME
- dSIG
Left in place
- IHDR
- PLTE
- IDAT
- tRNS
- gAMA
- cHRM
- sRGB
- iCCP
- acTL/fcTL/fdAT
- Orientation
HEIC / HEIFISOBMFF boxes
Washed out
- uuid (C2PA
- XMP)
- Exif / XMP items
- moov udta + timestamps
Left in place
- ftyp
- mdat (HEVC)
- ispe
- irot/imir
- colr